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Cut and edge11/16/2023 Single point, double point and multi-point cutting toolsĪ cutting tool may have one or more cutting edges, and therefore, it can be classified into three categories- single point, double point and multi-point cutting tools. It is worth mentioning that sharper tools need lesser cutting power for material removal but are very prone to catastrophic breakage. cutters, the edge radius usually much higher, around tens of microns. However, in convention turning, milling, drilling, etc. Edge radius of precision turning diamond cutter is 10 – 100nm, while that for micro-end mills is 1 – 5µm. You cannot go below it.Īlthough atom radius is too small (few nm), in high precision cutting tools, the cutting edges are sharp in that range. Therefore, theoretically, the maximum sharpness or minimum edge radius is limited to atomic radius of the material. That means, the small is the edge radius, the sharper it is. How sharp a cutting edge is?Ĭan you directly measure sharpness?-No! The sharpness of any physical object is indicated by edge radius and they are inversely proportional. However, if you consider abrasive cutters, it may not necessarily straight. Similarly, in milling cutter and drill, it is usually straight. For example, for a single point turning tool (SPTT), the cutting edges are straight. The cutting edge may or may not be a straight line. Schematic representation of single point turning tool (SPTT) that indicates two cutting edges of it. It can also perform cutting action in some specific type of operations, such as thread cutting. Auxiliary cutting edge-It occurs at the intersection of rake surface and auxiliary flank surface.This cutting edge cuts material during machining. Principal cutting edge-The intersection between rake surface and principal flank surface produce principal cutting edge.In fact, a turning tool has two different cutting edges, as provided below. For example, in a turning tool, principal cutting edge usually removes material, whereas auxiliary cutting edge partially removes material only in some specific operations. However, all cutting edges may not equally participate in cutting action. Functions of cutting edge in machiningĪs the name suggests, the primary function of the cutting edge is to cut or shear off material in order to fulfill ultimate objective of machining. Intersection of these surfaces produces cutting edge. Rake surface is the chip flowing surface whereas, flank surface slides over the finished surface of the workpiece. ![]() During machining or metal cutting operation, the cutting tool forcefully compresses a thin layer of material of the workpiece and shears it off.Įvery cutting tool consists of at least two surfaces, namely, rake surface and flank surface. Cutting Tool is basically a wedge shaped device that actually removes (shears off) excess material from a preformed blank in order to obtain desired shape, size and accuracy. Cutting edge is the intersection of two tool point surfaces.
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